I failed this one - it is obvious that when sugar resources are low. It is not so obvious that we can still use the citric acid cycle to do biosynthesis because the citric acid cycle itself create biosynthesis pre-cursors and there is anapleroic reactions to replenish them. However, the glyoxylate cycle is important when microorganism is invading the host. In that case, the host is depleted with the sugar and the microorganism will need the glyoxylate cycle.
To summarize, the answer is
When sugar resources are low, and
During invasion of a host
Plants make use of the glyoxylate cycle during seed germination. and cease it when they are full grown therefore plants will not be affected by inhibitors.
By upregulating isocitrate lyase enzyme to overcome the normal levels of itaconic acid, and
By degrading the itaconic acid.
They become succinate and glyoxylate, glyoxylate can combine with another acetyl group to form malate with malate synthase, the succinate will simply go through the citric acid cycle as usual.
Note that we need to give a reason that is "NOT" true. The answer is:
The inhibition of ICL also inhibits the citric acid cycle of the microorganism and helps further to eradicate the pathogen.
This is simply not true, the ICL is not used in the citric acid cycle at all.
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